Solar cells are often electrically connected as a module. PV modules often have a sheet of glass on the front side (sunny side up) , allowing light to pass while protecting the semiconductor wafer from the elements (rain, hail, etc.).
Solar cells are also usually connected in series in modules to create an additive voltage. Connecting cells in parallel will yield a higher current. Modules are then interconnected, in series or parallel, or both, to create an array with the desired peak DC voltage and current.
The power output of a solar array is measured in watts or kilowatts. A measurement in watt-hours, kilowatt-hours or kilowatt-hours per day is often used. Each peak kilowatt of solar array output power corresponds to energy production of 4.8 kWh per day.
The electricity of solar generated energy is most often fed into the electricity grid using inverters (grid-connected PV systems); in stand alone systems, batteries are used to store the energy that is not needed yet.
Li Qi
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